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Wayzata World Factbook 1996
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The World Factbook - 1996 Edition - Wayzata Technology (3079) (1996).iso
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terror
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abunidal
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Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)
aka: Fatah Revolutionary Council, Arab Revolutionary Council, Arab
Revolutionary Brigades, Black September, Revolutionary Organization of
Socialist Muslims.
Description
International terrorist organization led by Sabri al-Banna. Split from PLO
in 1974. Made up of various functional committees, including political,
military, and financial.
Activities
Has carried out over 90 terrorist attacks since 1974 in 20 countries,
killing or injuring almost 900 people. Targets the united States, the
United Kingdom, France, Israel, moderate Palestinians, the PLO, and various
Arab countries, depending on which state is sponsoring it at the time.
Major attacks include Rome and Vienna airports in December 1985, the Neve
Shalom synagogue in Istanbul, the Pan Am Flight 73 hijacking in Karachi in
September 1986, and The City of Poros day-excursion ship attack in July 1988
in Greece. Suspected of carrying out assassination on 14 January 1991 in
Tunis of PLO deputy chief Abu Iyad and PLO security chief Abu Hul. ANO
members also attacked and seriously wounded a senior ANO dissident in
Algeria in March 1990.
Strength
Several hundred plus "militial" in Lebanon and overseas support structure.
Location/Area of Operation
Headquartered in Iraq (1974-83) and Syria (1983-87); currently headquartered
in Libya with substantial presence in Lebanon (in the Bekaa Valley and
several Palestinian refugee camps in coastal areas of Lebanon). Also has
presence in Algeria. Has demonstrated ability to operate over wide area,
including Middle East, Asia, and Europe.
External Aid
Has received considerable support, including safehaven, training, logistic
assistance, and financial aid from Iraq and Syria (until 1987); continues to
receive aid from Libya, in addition to close support for selected
operations. Also has a presence in Sudan.
SELECTED INCIDENT CHRONOLOGY
SEPTEMBER, 1973 - WHILE STILL AFFILIATED WITH FATAH, ABU NIDAL MOUNTED AN
OPERATION, SEIZING THE EMBASSY OF SAUDI ARABIA IN PARIS, AND
DEMANDING THE RELEASE OF ABU DAWUD, A FATAH TERRORIST BEING HELD
IN JORDAN.
OCTOBER, 1974:
ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION OF FATAH OFFICIAL ABU MAZIM. ABU NIDAL
WAS SENTENCED TO DEATH IN ABSENTIA BY FATAH FOR THIS ATTEMPT.
SEPTEMBER, 1976:
ATTACK AND TAKEOVER OF THE SEMIRAMIS HOTEL IN DAMASCUS
OCTOBER, 1976:
ATTACKS ON SYRIAN EMBASSIES IN ISLAMABAD AND ROME.
NOVEMBER, 1976:
ATTACK ON THE INTERCONTINENTAL HOTEL IN AMMAN.
DECEMBER, 1976:
FAILED ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT AGAINST SYRIAN FORTEIGN MINISTER IN
DAMASCUS.
OCTOBER, 1977:
ANOTHER FAILED ATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE THE SYRIAN FOREIGN MINISTER,
THIS TIME IN ABU DHABI. THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES MINISTER OF
STATE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS WAS KILLED.
AUGUST, 1978:
ATTACK ON THE OFFICES OF THE PLO IN PAKISTAN.
JULY, 1980:
ATTACK ON THE CHILDREN OF A JEWISH SCHOOL IN ANTWERP.
JULY, 1980:
CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE MURDER OF THE ISRAELI COMMERCIAL
ATTACHE IN BRUSSELS.
MAY, 1981:
MURDERED A VIENNA CITY COUNCILMAN AND THREATENED TO KILL AUSTRIAN
CHANCELLOR KREISKY.
AUGUST, 1981:
MACHINEGUNNED A VIENNA SYNAGOGUE, KILLING TWO AND WOUNDING
SEVENTEEN PEOPLE.
JUNE, 1982:
ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION OF SHLOMO ARGOV, ISRAELI AMBASSADOR TO THE
UNITED KINGDOM.
JUNE, 1982:
MURDERED A PLO OFFICIAL IN ROME WITH A CAR BOMB.
AUGUST, 1982:
ATTEMPTED TO MURDER THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (UAE) CONSUL IN
BOMBAY.
SEPTEMBER, 1982:
ASSASSINATED A KUWAITI DIPLOMAT IN MADRID.
OCTOBER, 1982:
KILLED ONE CHILD AND INJURED TEN PEOPLE IN A GRENADE AND
MACHINE-GUN ATTACK ON A SYNAGOGUE IN ROME.
APRIL, 1983:
MURDERED PLO OFFICIAL ISSAM SARTAWI AT THE SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE IN LISBON.
OCTOBER, 1983:
ATTEMPTED TO MURDER THE JORDANIAN AMBASSADOR TO ITALY IN ROME.
OCTOBER, 1983:
SEVERELY WOUNDED THE JORDANIAN AMBASSADOR TO INDIA IN NEW DELHI.
NOVEMBER, 1983:
ATTACKED SECURITY GUARDS ASSIGNED TO THE JORDANIAN EMBASSY IN
ATHENS, KILLING ONE AND WOUNDING ANOTHER.
DECEMBER, 1983:
BELIEVED RESPONSIBLE FOR BOMBING THE FRENCH CULTURAL CENTER IN
IZMIR, TURKEY.
FEBRUARY, 1984:
IMPLICATED IN THE PARIS MURDER OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
AMBASSADOR TO FRANCE.
MARCH, 1984:
ASSASSINATED A BRITISH DIPLOMAT IN ATHENS.
NOVEMBER, 1984:
ASSASSINATED THE BRITISH HIGH COMMISSIONER IN BOMBAY, INDIA.
DECEMBER, 1984:
MURDERED ARAFAT SUPPORTER ISMAIL DARWISH IN ROME.
MARCH, 1985:
KIDNAPPED BRITISH JOURNALIST ALEC COLLETT IN BEIRUT; COLLETT WAS
REPORTED TO HAVE BEEN MURDERED ONE YEAR LATER, BUT INFORMATION IS
INCONCLUSIVE.
MARCH, 1985:
ATTACKED THE ROME OFFICES OF ALIA, THE ROYAL JORDANIAN AIRLINES,
WOUNDING THREE PEOPLE. ALSO BELIEVED TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
SIMULTANEOUS ATTACKS ON ALIA OFFICES IN ATHENS AND NICOSIA.
APRIL, 1985:
FIRED A ROCKET AT AN ALIA AIRLINER AS IT TOOK OFF FROM ATHENS
AIRPORT. ALTHOUGH THE ROCKET DID NOT DETONATE, IT LEFT A HOLE IN
THE FUSELAGE.
JULY, 1985:
BOMBED THE BRITISH AIRWAYS OFFICE IN MADRID, KILLING ONE AND
WOUNDING TWENTY SEVEN. FIVE MINUTES LATER ATTACKED THE MADRID
OFFICES OF ALIA, TWO BLOCKS AWAY, WOUNDING TWO PERSONS.
SEPTEMBER, 1985:
GRENADE ATTACK AGAINST THE CAFE DE PARIS IN ROME, WOUNDING THIRTY
EIGHT PEOPLE.
SEPTEMBER, 1985:
HIJACKED AN EGYPTIAN AIRLINER TO MALTA, WHERE SIXTY PEOPLE WERE
KILLED DURING A RESCUE ATTEMPT BY EGYPTIAN FORCES.
DECEMBER, 1985:
ATTACKED THE AIRPORTS AT ROME AND VIENNA, KILLING SIXTEEN AND
WOUNDING SCORES. CLAIMED BY THE CELLS OF THE ARAB FEDAYEEN.
SEPTEMBER, 1986:
ATTEMPTED HIJACKING OF PAN AMERICAN FLIGHT #73 AT KARACHI, KILLING
TWENTY TWO PERSONS.
SEPTEMBER, 1986:
LESS THAN TWENTY FOUR HOURS AFTER THE KARACHI ATTACK, ANO
OPERATIVES ATTACKED THE NEVE SHALOM SYNAGOGUE IN ISTANBUL, KILLING
MORE THAN TWENTY WORSHIPPERS.
JULY, 1987:
CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY FOR BOMBING A RESTAURANT ON THE WEST BANK OF
THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES, WOUNDING FIFTEEN.
NOVEMBER, 1987:
CLAIMED TO HAVE SEIZED A YACHT OFF THE COAST OF ISRAEL AND TAKEN
ITS EIGHT OCCUPANTS HOSTAGE.
MARCH, 1988:
A LONE GUNMAN ATTACKED AN ALITALIA AIRLINES CREW ABOARD A COMMUTER
BUS IN BOMBAY, SERIOUSLY WOUNDING THE CREW CAPTAIN.
MAY, 1988:
IN KHARTOUM, SUDAN, ANO OPERATIVES KILLED EIGHT AND WOUNDED
TWENTY ONE IN SIMULTANEOUS ATTACKS ON THE ACROPOLE HOTEL AND THE
SUDAN CLUB.
JULY, 1988:
FOLLOWING THE PREMATURE DETONATION OF A CAR BOMB AT AN ATHENS PIER,
IN WHICH TWO ANO OPERATIVES WERE KILLED, ANO GUNMEN ABOARD THE DAY
CRUISE SHIP "CITY OF POROS" ATTACKED THE PASSENGERS, KILLING NINE
AND WOUNDING NINETY EIGHT.
JANUARY, 1991:
ABU IYAD, CONSIDERED THE SECOND MOST SENIOR OFFICIAL OF FATAH AFTER
YASSIR ARAFAT; AND ABU HUL, COMMANDER OF THE WESTERN SECTOR FORCES
OF FATAH, WERE ASSASSINATED BY AN ABU NIDAL OPERATIVE.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE ABOVE INFORMATION WAS DERIVED FROM MULTIPLE STATE DEPARTMENT,
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, AND PUBLIC MEDIA SOURCE DOCUMENTS.